UK Purchase Costs · Rules checked 2026

How much cash do you need to buy a property?

Separate the deposit you keep as equity from SDLT, LBTT or LTT and the professional, mortgage and moving costs you actually spend.

England · Scotland · Wales · Northern IrelandDeposit + tax + feesEditable assumptionsNo signup

How much deposit do you need, how much stamp duty or equivalent property purchase tax will you pay, and which fees sit outside the mortgage? Start with three cash pots: the deposit; the applicable tax—SDLT, LBTT or LTT; and transaction or arrival costs. This guide calculates all three for England and Northern Ireland, Scotland or Wales, beginning with an editable £350,000 home-mover purchase, a 10% deposit and £7,000 of other costs.

What the cash total contains

Cash componentWhat it doesWhat determines it
DepositReduces the mortgage and becomes equityPrice × chosen percentage
Purchase taxSDLT, LBTT or LTT; not equityNation, price and buyer status
Legal work and searchesConveyancing, searches and entered disbursementsYour quote and property
Survey and mortgage feesProperty inspection and selected mortgage productSurvey level and lender
Moving and immediate workArrival budget rather than taxYour move and property condition

One purchase, three property taxes

SDLT applies in England and Northern Ireland, LBTT in Scotland and LTT in Wales. Each is progressive, but the bands and additional-property rules differ. SDLT offers qualifying first-time-buyer relief and may add a 2% non-resident surcharge; Scottish first-time-buyer relief raises the LBTT nil-rate band, while Wales has no separate first-time-buyer schedule.

A home mover normally uses the main rates. Additional-property purchases may instead trigger higher SDLT rates, Scotland’s 8% ADS or the Welsh higher LTT schedule. Companies, trusts, linked or mixed-use transactions, leases and reliefs can require a different calculation.

Build your purchase in the text

The underlined values are editable. A change is carried through the answer, both cost sheets, the comparison and the funding summary.

You are buying in for as a who is . The deposit is . You budget for conveyancing, searches and registration, for the survey, for mortgage fees, for moving and for immediate work or setup.

Amounts must be zero or positive; the deposit percentage is limited to 0–100%. No arbitrary maximum applies to the price or cost estimates. This scenario uses £35,000 as equity and £14,500 for tax and entered costs, requiring £49,500 before a separate emergency buffer.

Deposit, mortgage and purchase tax

The 10% deposit supplies £35,000 of equity. The remaining £315,000 is the implied mortgage requirement, while standard SDLT contributes £7,500 of non-equity cost.

Completion funding
Purchase price£350,000
Deposit£35,000
Implied mortgage£315,000
Estimated SDLT£7,500
Deposit + SDLT£42,500

Professional, mortgage and moving costs

These are editable planning allowances, not statutory prices. Use quotes for the actual property and check what a legal or mortgage fee already includes to avoid double counting.

Entered cash allowances
Legal work, searches and registration£2,300
Survey£600
Mortgage fees paid upfront£1,300
Moving£800
Immediate work or setup£2,000
Total entered allowances£7,000

The direct answer

Cash needed before a separate emergency buffer
£49,500

£35,000 deposit + £7,500 SDLT + £7,000 other entered costs. That is 14.14% of the purchase price; the deposit becomes equity, while £14,500 covers tax and the entered transaction and arrival costs.

The same purchase across the UK

The selected price, deposit, buyer status and entered costs stay identical below. Only the nation and its property tax change; the SDLT residence selection applies only to England and Northern Ireland.

Purchase locationPurchase taxTotal cash
England or Northern Ireland · SDLT£7,500£49,500
Scotland · LBTT£8,350£50,350
Wales · LTT£7,500£49,500

How buyer status changes this same purchase

The selected nation, price, deposit and other entered costs stay identical below. Only buyer status changes, making the relevant SDLT treatment visible.

Buyer statusSDLTTotal cash
Qualifying first-time buyer£2,500£44,500
Home mover£7,500£49,500
Additional property£25,000£67,000

What is still outside this number

A prudent cash target may be higher than the result. The model does not add a lender-required reserve, an emergency fund, sale costs for an existing home, overlapping rent and mortgage payments, buildings insurance, leasehold service charges, mortgage interest, recurring maintenance or later renovation. It also assumes every mortgage fee entered is paid in cash rather than added to the loan.

How the numbers are calculated

The deposit is purchase price multiplied by the selected percentage; the implied mortgage is the balance. The model applies progressive residential SDLT bands in England and Northern Ireland, LBTT bands plus any ADS in Scotland, or the main or higher LTT schedule in Wales. Buyer reliefs and surcharges are applied only where the selected system provides them. Other costs are the five editable cash allowances. Total cash is deposit + property tax + those allowances. Values are estimates rounded for display; eligibility and lender decisions require transaction-specific checks.

Frequently asked questions

Is the deposit a purchase cost?
It is cash you need at completion, but it becomes equity in the property. Purchase tax and professional or moving fees are transaction costs rather than equity. Keeping the two categories separate prevents the total from overstating money that has disappeared.
Which property purchase tax applies?
SDLT applies in England and Northern Ireland, LBTT in Scotland and LTT in Wales. Select the purchase nation in the text and this page uses the corresponding tax bands in every calculation.
Can mortgage fees be added to the loan?
Some lenders allow certain product fees to be added to the mortgage. That reduces cash needed now but increases borrowing and interest. This scenario treats the entered mortgage fees as paid upfront.
Why is there no minimum-deposit restriction?
Deposit requirements are lender- and product-specific rather than one legal minimum for every buyer. The page allows 0–100% so you can model a lender proposal or a cash purchase; it does not imply that a mortgage is available at the selected percentage.